Plastic composition and process.



WILLIAM G. LINDSAY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEI, ASSIGNOR TO THE CELLULOIDCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF- NEW JERSEY.

PLASTIC COMPOSITION AND PROCESS.

N Drawing.

To all :whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. LINDSAY,

. a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Plastic Compositions and Processes, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to cellulose compounds, such as compounds ofacetyl cellulose or other cellulosic ester of a fatty acid, and to theprocess of making the same. The compounds are especially applicable foruse as photographic films, or to any other use in which a compound ofmore or less plastic nature is desirable.

Photographic film having nitrocellulose as a base is objectionablebecause of its inflammable nature. To overcome this objection applicanthas successfully employed a base of acetyl cellulose with triphenylphosphate, as set forth in applicants previous Letters Patent No.1,067,785, and others.

The object of the present invention is to produce a film of thischaracter which shall have a high degree of toughness, flexibility anddurability. To attain such result it is of importance that certainpeculiar solvent action shall be had upon the acetyl cellulose, and thatthe form of the acetyl cellulose structure resulting therefrom shall be1,050,065 and No.

preserved or maintained in the finished product.

In carrying out my invention, I use as a base that variety of acetylcellulose or similar cellulosic ester which is soluble in acetone. Thepeculiar solvent action to which I have referred is secured primarily bythe use of a volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon (chloroform,dichlorethylene, ethylene chlorid) in combination with either ethyl ormethyl alcohol or both. The desired. structure or physical form uponwhich the high degree of toughness, flexibility and durability isdependent is secured in the finished product, such as the film, byadding to the chlorinated hydrocarbon-alcohol combination solventmixture, a relatively high-boiling liquid and a soluble solid substancebefore allowing the volatile constituents to evapo rate. Suchhigh-boiling liquid should be substantially insoluble in water andliquid Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 3,1916.

Application filed December 12, 1914. Serial No. 876,806.

photographic purposes the high boiling liquld should not react with thechemicals used in photography. -It should have a bo1l1ng point of 110-C. or higher, and should be miscible in all proportions with thechlorinated hydrocarbon-alcohol combination solvent, herein specified,as well as with the separate components thereof.

to the resultant product.

I have found that the best proportion of alcohol, 2'. e., ethyl ormethyl alcohol, to be added to the chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent isfrom five to fifteen parts, although in practice I prefer the proportionof eleven parts of ethyl alcohol to eighty-nine parts by volume of thechlorinated hydrocarbon solvent.

A good proportion of high boiling liquid is from five to twenty-fiveparts to one hundred parts of cellulosic ester, and a good proportion ofsolid substance is from five to twenty parts to 100'parts of cellulosicester.

While there will be an appreciable variation in the degree offlexibility imparted to the resultant compound according to theparticular high boiling liquid used, nevertheless* a high degree offlexibility and toughness will be attained by the use of any of thefollowing: fusel oil, amyl butyrate, amyl 'salicylate, oil of aniseed,benzyl alcohol, benzyl acetate, benzyl benzoate, benzyl ether, benzoicether, bornyl acetate, oil of ca-mphor (heavy), carvene, oil of cedarleaves, oil of cedarwood, oil of cinnamon,

aceto-dichlorhydrin and substituted derivatives of the chlorhydrins,ethyl sebacate, oil of eucalyptol, methyl salicylate, nitro-benzol,pentachlorethane, phenyl-ether -salic1- late of benzyl, safrol, oil 'of.sassafras, terpineol, amyl benzoate, amyl formate, oil of anise, anisicaldehyde, anisol, benzyl butyrate, benzyl formate, oil of camphor(light),

carvol, cinnamylic alcohol, oil of citronella, oil of cloves, oil ofeucalyptus, eugenol,

ethyl cinnimate, oil of fennel, geraniol forspruce, terpinylacetate, oilof thyme. amylacetate. Also, these high boiling liquids may be usedeither alone or in combination. For instance, I have discovered that asmall proportion of amyl acetate, say, from four to seven parts to onehundred parts of cellulosic ester will give good results in combinationwith 15 parts of fusel oil.

A good example for working purposes is as follows :'To 100 parts ofcellulosic ester as herein specified I add a suflicient quantity of thechlorinated hydrocarbon-alcohol solvent to produce a fluid solution ofwhatever consistency may be desired. I then add the high boiling liquidand the soluble solid in the proportions herein specified. For instance,a good combination would be 15 parts ofethyl sebacate and 12!; parts oftriphenyl phosphate. After a uniform and homogeneous solution has beenmade of these substances by stirring or other manipulative means, themixture is then worked up for films or other products according to themeans Which are well known to the art.

The various novel chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, solid substances andhigh boiling liquids severally or in combination not herein specificallyclaimed will formthe subject of applications divisional hereof.

Having thus described my invention, I

declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

1. A composition of matter which consists of a solution of an acetonesoluble acetyl cellulose, a high boilingliquid, and a solid substance,in a compound solvent consisting of a chlorinated hydrocarbon and analcohol.

2. A composition of matter which consists of a solution of a solublefatty acid ester of cellulose, a high boiling liquid, and a solidsubstance, in a compound solvent consisting of'a chlorinated hydrocarbonand an alcohol.

3. A composition of matter which consists of a solution of an acetonesoluble acetyl cellulose, a high boiling liquid, and a solid substance.in a compound solvent consisting of chloroform and an alcohol.

4.. A composition of matter consisting of a dried solution of an acetonesoluble acetyl cellulose, a solid substance and fusel oil in chloroformand alcohol.

5. A composition of matter consisting of a dried solution of an acetonesoluble acetyl cellulose, a solid substance and a high boiling liquid inchloroform and alcohol.

6. 'A composition of matter consisting of a dried solution of an acetonesoluble acetyl cellulose, fusel oil and triphenylphosphate in chloroformand alcohol.

7 A composition of matter consisting of a dried solution of an acetonesoluble acetyl cellulose, a high boiling liquid and triphenyl phosphatein a chlorinated hydrocarbonalcohol solvent.

8. A dried solution of approximately 100 parts of acetone soluble acetylcellulose, five to twenty parts of a solid substance, and five totwenty-five parts of a high boiling liquid, in a compound solventconsisting of approximately 90 parts of a chlorinated hydrocarbon and 10parts of an alcohol by volume.

9. The process which consists in dissolving an acetone soluble acetylcellulose, a solid substance and a high boiling liquid in a chlorinatedhydrocarbon-alcohol solvent, spreading such solution upon a surface andallowing it to dry and harden by evaporation.

10. The process which consists in dissolving an acetone soluble acetylcellulose, a solid substance, and a high boiling liquid in a chlorinatedhydrocarbon-alcohol solvent, spreading such solution upon a surface andallowing it to dry and harden by evaporation.

11. The process which consists in dissolving an acetone soluble acetylcellulose, triphenyl phosphate and a high boiling liquid in achlorinated, hydrocarbon-alcohol solvent, spreading such solution upon asurface and allowing it to dry and harden by evaporation.

12. The process whlch cons sts in CllSSOlV- lOll ing an acetone solubleacetyl cellulose, tri- I phenyl phosphate and fusel oil in chloroformand alcohol, spreading the solution upon a surface and allowing it todry and harden by evaporation.

13. The process which consists in dissolving an acetone soluble acetylcellulose, triphenyl phosphate and fusel oil in chloroform, alcohol andamylacetate, spreading the solution upon a surface and allowing it todry and harden by evaporation.

14. A composition of matter which con sists ofa dried solution of anacetone soluble acetyl cellulose, triphenyl phosphate,

chloroform, alcohol and fusel oil.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM G. LINDSAY. Witnesses ADARENA PFEIFF R, JEssm MICKENS.

